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Welcome! You have reached the page on Muskogean languages, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.

Muskogean Languages

updated 9-19-2002 The Muskogean languages (Hokan-Siouan), also spelled Muskhogean, comprise one branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Some linguists consider Muskogean to be a separate language family. The following are Muskogean languages: Alabama, Biloxi, Chicasaw, Choctaw, Creek (not to be confused with Cree, an Algonkian-Mosan language), Koasati, Mikasuki, Natchez, Ofo, and Seminole. SI Pilling, James Constantine, 1846-1895 2.3: Bibliography of the Muskhogean languages. 9 -- Washington : RID: 01-13570 ITEM #: muk00001 497.3 Sylestine, Cora, 1914-1991 S984d Dictionary of the Alabama language. -- [S.l.] : University of Texas Press, 1993 RID: 92-30925 ITEM #: abm00001
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Alabama

updated 9-18-2002 Alabama (Hokan-Siouan), also called Alibamu, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Alabama is spoken in the state of Alabama. Koasati is a closely-related language and they have sometimes been treated as two dialects of a language called Alabama-Koasati. However, they are separate languages, with the speakers of one not able to understand the other. 897 New voices in Native American literary criticism / edited by Arnold Krupat. N532 -- Washington : Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. RID: 92-18673 ITEM #: jiv00001 497.3 Sylestine, Cora, 1914-1991 S984d Dictionary of the Alabama language. -- [S.l.] : University of Texas Press, 1993 RID: 92-30925 ITEM #: abm00001
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Biloxi

updated 7-12-2002 Biloxi (Hokan-Siouan) belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Biloxi is spoken in Mississippi. SI Dorsey, James Owen, 1848-1895 2.3: A dictionary of the Biloxi and Ofo languages. -- Washington : 47 RID: 12-35595 ITEM #: bil00002 497.5 Einaudi, Paula Ferris E35g A grammar of Biloxi RID: 75-25114 ITEM #: bil00001
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Chickasaw

updated 9-18-2002 Chickasaw (Hokan-Siouan), also spelled Chicasaw, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Chickasaw is spoken in the southeastern United States. 917.5 Bartram, William, 1739-1823 B294t [Travels through North & South Carolina, Georgia, east & west Florida, the Cherokee country ... ] Travels and other writings. -- New York : Library of America, 1996. RID: 95-23727 ITEM #: chs00001
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Choctaw

updated 9-18-2002 Choctaw (Hokan-Siouan), also occasionally spelled Chactaw, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Today Choctaw is spoken in Oklahoma and Mississippi. Choctaw is written with the Latin alphabet. The Choctaw people are one of the "Five Civilized Tribes." 917.5 Bartram, William, 1739-1823 B294t [Travels through North & South Carolina, Georgia, east & west Florida, the Cherokee country ...] Travels and other writings. -- New York : Library of America, 1996 RID: 95-23727 ITEM #: chs00001 SI Byington, Cyrus, 1793-1868 2.3: A dictionary of the Choctaw language. -- Washington : 46 RID: 15-26333 ITEM #: cho00001 398.208997 Macfarlan, Allan A., comp. M1435a American Indian legends / selected and edited by Allan A. Macfarlan. -- New York : Heritage Press, 1968 RID: --- ITEM #: chr00007 812.5080897 Stories of our way : an anthology of American Indian plays. -- S8848 [S.l.] : UCLA American Indian Studies Center, 1999 RID: 98-74559 ITEM #: nav00012
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Creek

updated 9-18-2002 Creek (Hokan-Siouan), also called Muskogee, Upper Creek, and Muscogulge, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Not to be confused with Cree which belongs to the Algonkian-Mosan language family. Creek is spoken in Oklahoma, Alabama, and Florida. 917.5 Bartram, William, 1739-1823 B294t [Travels through North & South Carolina, Georgia,east & west Florida, the Cherokee country ... ] Travels and other writings. -- New York : Library of America, 1996. RID: 95-23727 ITEM #: chs00001 970.6 Gatschet, Albert Samuel, 1832-1907 C913g A migration legend of the Creek Indians RID: --- ITEM #: crk00001 812.5080897 Stories of our way : an anthology of American Indian plays. -- S8848 UCLA American Indian Studies Center, 1999 RID: 98-74559 ITEM #: nav00012
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Natchez

updated 5-21-2004 Natchez (Hokan-Siouan), also spelled Natches, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Natchez is spoken in Mississippi. 917.5 Bartram, William, 1739-1823 B294t [Travels through North & South Carolina, Georgia, east & west Florida, the Cherokee country ...] Travels and other writings. -- New York : Library of America, 1996 RID: 95-23727 ITEM #: chs0000l

Ofo

updated 9-19-2002 Ofo (Hokan-Siouan) belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Ofo is spoken in Mississippi. SI Dorsey, James Owen, 1848-1895 2.3: A dictionary of the Biloxi and Ofo languages. 47 Washington : RID: 12-35595 ITEM #: bil00002
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Savannuca

updated 5-21-2004 Savannuca (Hokan-Siouan), also called Shawanese, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Savannuca is spoken in the state of Georgia. Uche is a dialect of Savannuca. 917.5 Bartram, William, 1739-1823 B294t [Travels through North & South Carolina, Georgia, east & west Florida, the Cherokee country ...] Travels and other writings. -- New York : Library of America, 1996 RID: 95-23727 ITEM #: chs00001
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Seminole

updated 5-21-2004 Seminole (Hokan-Siouan), also spelled Siminole and also called Lower Creek, belongs to the Muskogean branch of the Hokan-Siouan family of languages. Seminole is spoken in Florida. Stincard is a dialect. 917.5 Bartram, William, 1739-1823 B294t [Travels through North & South Carolina, Georgia, east & west Florida, the Cherokee country ...] Travels and other writings. -- New York : Library of America, 1996 RID: 95-23727 ITEM #: chs00001 970.62 Howard, James Henri, 1925- S471h Oklahoma Seminoles. -- Norman : University of Oklahoma Press, 1984 RID: 83-40328 ITEM #: smn00004 970.5 Kersey, Harry A., 1935- S471k The Florida Seminoles and the New Deal, 1933-1942. -- Boca Raton : Florida Atlantic University Press, 1989 RID: 88-31032 ITEM #: smn00003 372.7044 Perspectives on indigenous people of North America / editors, Judith P4677 Elaine Hankes, Gerald R. Fast. -- Reston, Va. : National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 2002 RID: 2002-512598 ITEM #: smn00001
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