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Welcome! You have reached the page for the Ge-Pano-Carib and Oto-Manguean language families, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.

Languages belonging to both the Ge-Pano-Carib and the Oto-Manguean families are included on this page.

Ge-Pano-Carib

The Ge-Pano-Carib family of languages is one of four language families now generally recognized for Mexico, Central, and South America. It includes Karina (formerly called Carib), as well as a number of other less-well-known languges. Note that although Karina belongs to this family, neither Garifuna (formerly Black Carib) nor Island Carib do; they are both part of the Equatorial branch of the Andean Equatorial language family. The languages of the Ge-Pano-Carib family are only now being studied, but at least 6 branches are now recognized: Cariban, Macro-Ge (also called Ge), Nambiquaran, Panoan, Tacanan, and Yanomam.

The only Ge-Pano-Carib languages on this page so far are Karina, Macoita, and Yanomamo.

Karina

updated 5-22-2001 Karina (Ge-Pano-Carib), formerly called Carib - but not to be confused with the Cariban branch which is sometimes also called Carib -- belongs to the Eastern Cariban sub-branch of the Cariban branch of the Ge-Pano-Carib family of languages. (Please note that the name of this language is properly spelled with a tilde over the N.) Karina is unrelated to Garifuna, sometimes called Black Carib, which belongs to the Andean Equatorial language family. Please also note that Island Carib also belongs to the Andean Equatorial family, although it contains lots of vocabulary borrowings from Karina. Karina is spoken in Venezuela, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, and Surinam. 738.120972981 Fitzpatrick, Scott Michael F559a An analysis on the elemental composition of ceramics in Barbados during the Saladoid and Suazoid periods. - 1996 Thesis (M.A.)-University of Montana, 1996. RID: --- ITEM # car00002 980.013 Leonard, Irving Albert, 1896- , comp. L581c Colonial travelers in Latin America. -- New York : Knopf, 1972. RID: 71-169694 ITEM #: car00001
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Macoita

updated 11-14-2003 Macoita (Ge-Pano-Carib) belongs to the Sierra de Perija sub-branch of the Western Cariban sub-branch of the Cariban branch of the Ge-Pano-Carib family of languages. It is also called Yukpa. It is spoken in Colombia and Venezuela. 498 Hildebrandt, Martha H642s Sistema fonemico del Macoita RID: wln86-108910 ITEM #: mct00001
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Yanomamo

updated 8-12-2002 Yanomamo (Ge-Pano-Carib) belongs to the Yanomam branch of the Ge-Pano -Carib family of languages. Yanomamo is spoken in Brazil. 980.3 Ferguson, R. Brian Y24f Yanomami warfare : a political history. -- Santa Fe, N.M. : School of American Research Press, 1955. RID: 94-12130 ITEM #: yan00001 780.98 The Garland handbook of Latin American music. -- [S.l.] : G2332 Garland Pub., 2000 RID: 00-61754 ITEM #: yor00006
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Oto-Manguean

The Oto-Manguean family of languages is one of four language families now generally recognized for Mexico, Central, and South America. It includes the following languages of Mexico and Central America: Mixtec, Otomi, Zapotec, and the Mang languages; the latter are spoken in Nicaragua.

Oto-Manguean languages on this page so far are Mixtec, Otomi and Zapotec.

Mixtec

updated 8-12-2002 Mixtec (Oto-Manguean) belongs to the Oto-Manguean family of languages. Mixtec, also called Mixteco, is spoken in Mexico. Historically, Mixtec had its own script. There are a number of dialects. 970.472 Adams, Richard E. W., 1931- A216p Prehistoric Mesoamerica. -- Rev. ed. -- Norman : University 1991 of Oklahoma Press, 1991. RID: 90-50679 ITEM #: zap00004 930.003 Encyclopedia of the Ancient World / editor, Sharon Grimbly. -- E5647 London : Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 2000 RID: --- ITEM #: myn00019 299.72 Graulich, Michel G774m.Eo [Mitos y rituals del Mexico antiguo. English] Myths of ancient Mexico. -- Norman : University of Oklahoma Press, 1997 RID: 96-49255 ITEM #: myn00022 897.4 Leon Portilla, Miguel L579L.EL [Literaturas precolombinas de Mexico. English] Pre-Columbian literatures of Mexico. -- Norman, Okla. : University of Oklahoma Press, 1986 RID: 85-40941 ITEM #: myn00024 299.7 Luckert, Karl W., 1934- L9414o Olmec religion. -- Norman : University of Oklahoma Press, 1976 RID: 75-12869 ITEM #: zap00005 720.97274 Mullen, Robert James M9582a The architecture and sculpture of Oaxaca, 1530s-1980s. -- [S.l.] : Center for Latin American Studies, Arizona State University, RID: 94-40915 ITEM #: spa00947 398.208997 Read, Kay A R282h Handbook of Mesoamerican mythology. -- [S.l.] : A B C-CLIO, 2000 RID: --- ITEM #: zap00006 861.08 Zaid, Gabriel, comp. Z21o Omnibus de poesia mexicana RID: wln86-51373 or 72-348911 ITEM #: nai00030
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Otomi

updated 4-2-2002 Otomi (Oto-Manguean) belongs to the Oto-Manguean family of languages. It is spoken in Mexico. 897.4 Leon Portilla, Miguel L579L.EL [Literaturas precolombinas de Mexico. English] Pre-Columbian literatures of Mexico. - Norman, Okla. : University of Oklahoma Press, 1986 RID: 85-40941 ITEM #: myn00024 861.08 Zaid, Gabriel, comp. Z21o Omnibus de poesia mexicana RID: wln86-51373 or 72-348911 ITEM #: nai00030
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Zapotec

updated 6-12-2001 Zapotec (Oto-Manguean), also called Zapoteco, belongs to the Oto-Manguean family of languages. There are a number of dialects, all spoken in Mexico. In prehistoric times, Zapotec was written using Zapotecan hieroglyphics, which, like the Mayan system of hieroglyphics, probably had their origin in calendrics. Modern Zapotec is written with the Latin alphabet. 970.472 Adams, Richard E. W., 1931- A216p Prehistoric Mesoamerica. -- Rev. ed. -- Norman : University of 1991 Oklahoma Press, 1991. RID: 90-50679 ITEM #: zap00004 SI Bowditch, Charles Pickering, 1842-1921 2.3: Mexican and Central American antiquities, calendar systems, 28 and history : twenty-four papers by Eduard Seler … et al. Documents -- Washington, G.P.O., 1904. RID: 05-39190 ITEM #: zap00001 630.97274 Gonzalez, Roberto Jesus G6438z Zapotec science / by Roberto Jesus Gonzalez III. -- 1998 Thesis (Ph. D.)-University of California, Berkeley, 1998. Includes some Zapotec and Spanish vocabulary. RID: --- ITEM #: spa00886 897.4 Leon Portilla, Miguel L579L.EL [Literaturas precolombinas de Mexico. English] Pre-Columbian literatures of Mexico. - Norman, Okla. : University of Oklahoma Press, 1986 RID: 85-40941 ITEM #: myn00024 299.7 Luckert, Karl W., 1934- L9414o Olmec religion. - Norman : University of Oklahoma Press, 1976 RID: 75-12869 ITEM #: zap00005 970.3 Marcus, Joyce Z35m Zapotec civilization : how urban society evolved in Mexico's Oaxaca valley / Joyce Marcus, Kent Flannery. -- New York : Thames & Hudson, 1996 RID: 95-60561 ITEM #: zap00002 720.97274 Mullen, Robert James M9582a The architecture and sculpture of Oaxaca, 1530s- 1980s. - [S.l.] : Center for Latin Aamerican Studies, Arizona State University, 1995 RID: 94-40915 ITEM #: spa00947 398.208997 Read, Kay A R282h Handbook of mesoamerican mythology. - [S.l.] : A B C-CLIO, 2000 RID: --- ITEM #: zap00006 305.488976 Stephen, Lynn S828z Zapotec women. -- Austin : University of Texas Press, 1991. RID: 91-8904 ITEM #: zap00003 861.08 Zaid, Gabriel, comp. Z21o Omnibus de poesia mexicana RID: wln86-51373 or 72-348911 nai00030
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